380 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
380 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
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# ImagePreview 图片预览
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### 介绍
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图片放大预览，支持组件调用和函数调用两种方式。
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### 引入
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通过以下方式来全局注册组件，更多注册方式请参考[组件注册](#/zh-CN/advanced-usage#zu-jian-zhu-ce)。
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```js
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import { createApp } from 'vue';
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import { ImagePreview } from 'vant';
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const app = createApp();
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app.use(ImagePreview);
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```
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### 函数调用
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为了便于使用 `ImagePreview`，Vant 提供了一系列辅助函数，通过辅助函数可以快速唤起全局的图片预览组件。
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比如使用 `showImagePreview` 函数，调用后会直接在页面中渲染对应的图片预览组件。
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```js
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import { showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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showImagePreview(['https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg']);
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```
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## 代码演示
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### 基础用法
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在调用 `showImagePreview` 时，直接传入图片数组，即可展示图片预览。
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```js
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import { showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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showImagePreview([
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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]);
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```
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### 指定初始位置
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`showImagePreview` 支持传入配置对象，并通过 `startPosition` 选项指定图片的初始位置（索引值）。
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```js
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import { showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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showImagePreview({
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images: [
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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],
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startPosition: 1,
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});
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```
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### 展示关闭按钮
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开启 `closeable` 选项后，会在弹出层的右上角显示关闭图标，并且可以通过 `close-icon` 属性自定义图标，使用`close-icon-position` 属性可以自定义图标位置。
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```js
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import { showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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showImagePreview({
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images: [
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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],
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closeable: true,
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});
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```
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### 监听关闭事件
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通过 `onClose` 选项监听图片预览的关闭事件。
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```js
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import { showToast, showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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showImagePreview({
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images: [
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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],
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onClose() {
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showToast('关闭');
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},
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});
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```
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### 异步关闭
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通过 `beforeClose` 属性可以传入一个回调函数，在图片预览关闭前进行特定操作。
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```js
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import { showImagePreview } from 'vant';
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const instance = showImagePreview({
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images: [
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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],
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beforeClose: () => false,
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});
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setTimeout(() => {
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// 调用实例上的 close 方法手动关闭图片预览
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instance.close();
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}, 2000);
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```
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### 使用 ImagePreview 组件
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如果需要在 ImagePreview 内嵌入组件或其他自定义内容，可以直接使用 ImagePreview 组件，并使用 `index` 插槽进行定制。使用前需要通过 `app.use` 等方式注册组件。
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```html
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<van-image-preview v-model:show="show" :images="images" @change="onChange">
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<template v-slot:index>第{{ index + 1 }}页</template>
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</van-image-preview>
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```
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```js
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import { ref } from 'vue';
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export default {
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setup() {
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const show = ref(false);
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const index = ref(0);
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const images = [
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-1.jpeg',
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'https://fastly.jsdelivr.net/npm/@vant/assets/apple-2.jpeg',
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];
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const onChange = (newIndex) => {
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index.value = newIndex;
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};
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return {
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show,
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index,
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images,
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onChange,
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};
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},
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};
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```
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### 使用 image 插槽
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当以组件调用的方式使用 ImagePreview 时，可以通过 `image` 插槽来插入自定义的内容，比如展示一个视频内容。在这个例子中，你可以将 `close-on-click-image` 属性设置为 `false`，这样当你点击视频时就不会意外关闭预览了。
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```html
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<van-image-preview
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v-model:show="show"
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:images="images"
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:close-on-click-image="false"
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>
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<template #image="{ src }">
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<video style="width: 100%;" controls>
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<source :src="src" />
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</video>
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</template>
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</van-image-preview>
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```
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```js
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import { ref } from 'vue';
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export default {
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setup() {
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const show = ref(false);
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const images = [
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'https://www.w3school.com.cn/i/movie.ogg',
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'https://www.w3school.com.cn/i/movie.ogg',
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'https://www.w3school.com.cn/i/movie.ogg',
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];
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return {
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show,
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images,
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};
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},
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};
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```
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当你通过 `image` 插槽自定义图片时，可以通过插槽的参数绑定 `style` 样式和 `onLoad` 回调函数，这可以让 `<img>` 标签支持图片缩放。
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```html
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<van-image-preview
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v-model:show="show"
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:images="images"
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:close-on-click-image="false"
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>
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<template #image="{ src, style, onLoad }">
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<img :src="src" :style="[{ width: '100%' }, style]" @load="onLoad" />
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</template>
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</van-image-preview>
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```
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## API
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### 方法
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Vant 中导出了以下 ImagePreview 相关的辅助函数：
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| 方法名 | 说明 | 参数 | 返回值 |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| showImagePreview | 展示一个全屏的图片预览组件 | _string[] \| ImagePreviewOptions_ | ImagePreview 实例 |
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### ImagePreviewOptions
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调用 `showImagePreview` 方法时，支持传入以下选项：
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| 参数名 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| images | 需要预览的图片 URL 数组 | _string[]_ | `[]` |
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| startPosition | 图片预览起始位置索引 | _number \| string_ | `0` |
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| swipeDuration | 动画时长，单位为 `ms` | _number \| string_ | `300` |
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| showIndex | 是否显示页码 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| showIndicators | 是否显示轮播指示器 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| loop | 是否开启循环播放 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| doubleScale `v4.7.2` | 是否启用双击缩放手势，禁用后，点击时会立即关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| onClose | 关闭时的回调函数 | _Function_ | - |
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| onChange | 切换图片时的回调函数，回调参数为当前索引 | _Function_ | - |
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| onScale | 缩放图片时的回调函数，回调参数为当前索引和当前缩放值组成的对象 | _Function_ | - |
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| beforeClose | 关闭前的回调函数，返回 `false` 可阻止关闭，支持返回 Promise | _(active: number) => boolean \| Promise\<boolean\>_ | - |
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| closeOnPopstate | 是否在页面回退时自动关闭 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| closeOnClickImage `v4.8.3` | 是否在点击图片后关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| closeOnClickOverlay `v4.6.4` | 是否在点击遮罩层后关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| vertical `v4.8.6` | 是否开启纵向手势滑动 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| className | 自定义类名 (应用在图片预览的弹出层) | _string \| Array \| object_ | - |
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| maxZoom | 手势缩放时，最大缩放比例 | _number \| string_ | `3` |
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| minZoom | 手势缩放时，最小缩放比例 | _number \| string_ | `1/3` |
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| closeable | 是否显示关闭图标 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| closeIcon | 关闭图标名称或图片链接 | _string_ | `clear` |
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| closeIconPosition | 关闭图标位置，可选值为 `top-left`<br>`bottom-left` `bottom-right` | _string_ | `top-right` |
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| transition | 动画类名，等价于 [transition](https://cn.vuejs.org/api/built-in-components.html#transition) 的 `name` 属性 | _string_ | `van-fade` |
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| overlayClass | 自定义遮罩层类名 | _string \| Array \| object_ | - |
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| overlayStyle | 自定义遮罩层样式 | _object_ | - |
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| teleport | 指定挂载的节点，等同于 Teleport 组件的 [to 属性](https://cn.vuejs.org/api/built-in-components.html#teleport) | _string \| Element_ | - |
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### Props
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通过组件调用 `ImagePreview` 时，支持以下 Props：
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| 参数 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| v-model:show | 是否展示图片预览 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| images | 需要预览的图片 URL 数组 | _string[]_ | `[]` |
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| start-position | 图片预览起始位置索引 | _number \| string_ | `0` |
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| swipe-duration | 动画时长，单位为 ms | _number \| string_ | `300` |
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| show-index | 是否显示页码 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| show-indicators | 是否显示轮播指示器 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| loop | 是否开启循环播放 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| double-scale `v4.7.2` | 是否启用双击缩放手势，禁用后，点击时会立即关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| before-close | 关闭前的回调函数，返回 `false` 可阻止关闭，支持返回 Promise | _(active: number) => boolean \| Promise\<boolean\>_ | - |
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| close-on-popstate | 是否在页面回退时自动关闭 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| close-on-click-image `v4.8.3` | 是否在点击图片后关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| close-on-click-overlay `v4.6.4` | 是否在点击遮罩层后关闭图片预览 | _boolean_ | `true` |
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| vertical `v4.8.6` | 是否开启纵向手势滑动 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| class-name | 自定义类名 | _string \| Array \| object_ | - |
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| max-zoom | 手势缩放时，最大缩放比例 | _number \| string_ | `3` |
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| min-zoom | 手势缩放时，最小缩放比例 | _number \| string_ | `1/3` |
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| closeable | 是否显示关闭图标 | _boolean_ | `false` |
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| close-icon | 关闭图标名称或图片链接 | _string_ | `clear` |
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| close-icon-position | 关闭图标位置，可选值为 `top-left`<br>`bottom-left` `bottom-right` | _string_ | `top-right` |
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| transition | 动画类名，等价于 [transition](https://cn.vuejs.org/api/built-in-components.html#transition) 的 `name` 属性 | _string_ | `van-fade` |
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| overlay-class | 自定义遮罩层类名 | _string \| Array \| object_ | - |
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| overlay-style | 自定义遮罩层样式 | _object_ | - |
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| teleport | 指定挂载的节点，等同于 Teleport 组件的 [to 属性](https://cn.vuejs.org/api/built-in-components.html#teleport) | _string \| Element_ | - |
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### Events
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通过组件调用 `ImagePreview` 时，支持以下事件：
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| 事件名 | 说明 | 回调参数 |
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| ---------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
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| close | 关闭时触发 | _{ index: number, url: string }_ |
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| closed | 关闭且且动画结束后触发 | - |
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| change | 切换当前图片时触发 | _index: number_ |
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| scale | 缩放当前图片时触发 | _{ index: number, scale: number }_ |
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| long-press | 长按当前图片时触发 | _{ index: number }_ |
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### 方法
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通过组件调用 `ImagePreview` 时，通过 ref 可以获取到 ImagePreview 实例并调用实例方法，详见[组件实例方法](#/zh-CN/advanced-usage#zu-jian-shi-li-fang-fa)。
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| 方法名 | 说明 | 参数 | 返回值 |
|
|||
|
|
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
|||
|
|
| resetScale `4.7.4` | 重置当前图片的缩放比 | - | - |
|
|||
|
|
| swipeTo | 切换到指定位置 | _index: number, options?: SwipeToOptions_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 类型定义
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
组件导出以下类型定义：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```ts
|
|||
|
|
import type {
|
|||
|
|
ImagePreviewProps,
|
|||
|
|
ImagePreviewOptions,
|
|||
|
|
ImagePreviewInstance,
|
|||
|
|
ImagePreviewScaleEventParams,
|
|||
|
|
} from 'vant';
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`ImagePreviewInstance` 是组件实例的类型，用法如下：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```ts
|
|||
|
|
import { ref } from 'vue';
|
|||
|
|
import type { ImagePreviewInstance } from 'vant';
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
const imagePreviewRef = ref<ImagePreviewInstance>();
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
imagePreviewRef.value?.swipeTo(1);
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Slots
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
通过组件调用 `ImagePreview` 时，支持以下插槽：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| 名称 | 说明 | 参数 |
|
|||
|
|
| --- | --- | --- |
|
|||
|
|
| index | 自定义页码内容 | _{ index: 当前图片的索引 }_ |
|
|||
|
|
| cover | 自定义覆盖在图片预览上方的内容 | - |
|
|||
|
|
| image | 自定义图片内容 | _{ src: 当前资源地址, onLoad: 加载图片函数, style: 当前图片样式 }_ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### onClose 回调参数
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| 参数名 | 说明 | 类型 |
|
|||
|
|
| ------ | ---------------- | -------- |
|
|||
|
|
| url | 当前图片 URL | _string_ |
|
|||
|
|
| index | 当前图片的索引值 | _number_ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### onScale 回调参数
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| 参数名 | 说明 | 类型 |
|
|||
|
|
| ------ | ---------------- | -------- |
|
|||
|
|
| index | 当前图片的索引值 | _number_ |
|
|||
|
|
| scale | 当前图片的缩放值 | _number_ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 主题定制
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 样式变量
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
组件提供了下列 CSS 变量，可用于自定义样式，使用方法请参考 [ConfigProvider 组件](#/zh-CN/config-provider)。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| 名称 | 默认值 | 描述 |
|
|||
|
|
| --- | --- | --- |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-index-text-color | _var(--van-white)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-index-font-size | _var(--van-font-size-md)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-index-line-height | _var(--van-line-height-md)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-index-text-shadow | _0 1px 1px var(--van-gray-8)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-overlay-background | _rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-close-icon-size | _22px_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-close-icon-color | _var(--van-gray-5)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-close-icon-margin | _var(--van-padding-md)_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
| --van-image-preview-close-icon-z-index | _1_ | - |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## 常见问题
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 在桌面端无法操作组件？
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
参见[桌面端适配](#/zh-CN/advanced-usage#zhuo-mian-duan-gua-pei)。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 引用 showImagePreview 时出现编译报错？
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
如果引用 `showImagePreview` 方法时出现以下报错，说明项目中使用了 `babel-plugin-import` 插件，导致代码被错误编译。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```bash
|
|||
|
|
These dependencies were not found:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* vant/es/show-image-preview in ./src/xxx.js
|
|||
|
|
* vant/es/show-image-preview/style in ./src/xxx.js
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Vant 从 4.0 版本开始不再支持 `babel-plugin-import` 插件，请参考 [迁移指南](#/zh-CN/migrate-from-v3#yi-chu-babel-plugin-import) 移除该插件。
|